![]() ![]() It increases the "wetting" of the surfaces when the solder is applied.It prevents air from oxidising the surfaces once they have been cleaned.It chemically removes oxidation from the surfaces being soldered.A pen-type flux applicator.įlux is a compound that is used to improve the quality of the soldered joint. There are many different alloys and their properties can be found in this Wikipedia article.įlux and rosin core solder Ī close up of rosin core solder, showing the channels for the flux. Lead-free solder is generally about 20%-50% more expensive than lead solder. Using a soldering iron meant for lead solders may result in dry joints and shortened bit life. This means that the soldering iron will have to be made for lead-free solder in order to supply the right temperature - it melts at around 230☌ - and the iron bits need a different coating to withstand the flux. Lead-free solder has a higher melting point than lead solder and uses more aggressive fluxes. It will likely be many years before lead solder is supplanted for good, but even now many shops do not sell lead solder any more. Solder containing lead is slowly being phased out under new EU directives (especially the RoHS and WEEE directives) and being replaced with solders consisting of tin-antimony alloys. Also, it is very unlikely to have flux included in it like rosin core solders. Otherwise, you may end up with failed joints, as the 50/50 solder does not have the same properties as 60/40, having a higher melting point and lower ductility. (There are brands, which is used for electronics and specifically not intended for plumbing). Never use 50/50 solder for electronics - it is meant for plumbing. This is made of a half and half mix of tin and lead. However, these solders typically cost more than their non-eutectic counterparts. Eutectic solders, like the 63/37, do not have this semi-solid state and are thus considered easier to work with as it produces fewer bad joints. If a joint is moved during this stage, it can result in what is called a cold solder joint. Non-eutectic solders, like the 60/40 solder, have a semi-solid state between solid and liquid. The primary advantage of this solder is not the lower melting point, but its eutectic property. It has a melting point of 183☌, slightly lower than the more common 60/40 blend. It is also very soft, meaning that cracks do not form so readily if the joint moves during cooling.Ħ3/37 solder is made of 63% tin and 37% lead. Iron tip temperatures of at least 300☌ are recommended. It has a melting point of around 190☌, depending on the exact composition. Soldering the pins of standard dual in-line packages (DIPs) is about as fine as 18 gauge solder can usefully go.Ģ2 gauge solder is thinner than 18 gauge, and should be used for most electronics work, as it allows much greater control over the quantity of solder delivered, and the chances of accidentally bridging a gap due to over-application or the wire's width are greatly reduced.įiner gauges such as 26 are available for very fine work with SMT (surface-mount) components.Ħ0/40 A 500 g reel of 22 SWG 60/40 Solder.Ħ0/40 solder is made of 60% tin and 40% lead. However, for smaller, more detailed work, 18 gauge is too thick. Common gauges are 18 and 22, although others are available.ġ8 gauge solder is suitable for soldering large components and thick wire, as a large quantity of solder can be delivered quickly. The larger the SWG number, the thinner the wire. Solder wire is available in widths given in " standard wire gauge" (SWG). It is very soft, and is easily cut by wire cutters and smaller diameters can be snapped by hand (though this is not recommended, as you will see below). It generally costs around £6 or $12 for a 500 g reel. Solder wire is a very flexible, silvery coloured wire that is usually supplied on reels that are sized by weight. Sticks and pellets are for solder-pots for normal soldering, you will need solder wire. It is available in wire, stick or pellet form. The composition of solder varies depending on the type, but usually contains lead or tin or both. Solder is a metallic compound that has a low melting point, usually around 200☌. ![]() 2.1 Power rating and temperature control. ![]()
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